Application of Laser Technology in Prostate Surgery and Lithotripsy High-power medical lasers have become a gold-standard tool in urology, particularly for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) enucleation and urinary stone lithotripsy. Prostate Surgery – HoLEP (Holmium:YAG, 2.1 µm): Delivers high peak power (up to 100 W), efficient tissue cutting, and excellent hemostasis; ideal for large prostates (>80 mL). Thulium Fiber Laser (TFL, 1.94 µm): Offers higher optical efficiency, flexible modes (continuous, pulsed, super-pulsed), and compact equipment; reduced intraoperative bleeding and shorter catheterization times. Clinical results: Studies report >90% symptom score improvement and <1% transfusion rate. Stone Lithotripsy – Ho:YAG Laser: Produces short, high-energy pulses (up to 4 J, 80 Hz) for effective stone fragmentation in all urinary tract locations. TFL: Allows ultra-low pulse energy (0.025–2 J) and high frequencies (up to 2000 Hz), achieving finer “dusting” with less retropulsion; clinical clearance rates exceed 95%. Key Advantages: Minimal bleeding, reduced hospital stay (often <48 h), precise cutting with 0.2–0.4 mm thermal penetration, and broad applicability from small bladder stones to large kidney or prostate cases.